Poland's economy is expected to grow moderately in 2025, with GDP growth projected between 2.8% and 3.5%. The IMF, OECD, and ING Bank predict continued expansion, driven by domestic demand and government investments. However, a significant increase in defense spending—rising to 4.7% of GDP—poses fiscal challenges, with Poland seeking EU exemptions for military expenditures. The government is also considering reallocating EU recovery funds to strengthen defense and economic resilience. Meanwhile, monetary policy is expected to remain tight, with possible interest rate cuts in late 2025, depending on inflation trends.